近年来大学英语四级作文考试题目、考题讨论(3)

以1991年6月Changes in People＇s Diet 为例：
Outline:
     1．State the changes in people’s diet in the past five years.
     2．Give possible reasons for the changes.
     3．Draw your own conclusions.
    Year      Food 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990    
Grain 49% 47% 46.5% 45% 45%
Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13%
FruitVegetable 24% 22% 20% 20% 21%
Meat 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 21%
Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
这是一篇图表附提纲作文。图表作文的写作过程通常是读图 — 整理素材 — 拟订提纲。本试题既给了标题和统计表，又给出了提纲。因此，写作过程就可缩减为紧扣主题读图 — 按所给提纲的要求分析、整理和归纳图表的数据。
第一段和第二段的要点分别为“陈述变化”和“分析产生这些变化的原因”，从整体上讲是因果关系。第三段虽然给作者一个自由发挥的空间，但也应该紧扣图表的规律做出自己的结论。
第一段：通过对图表做简要的描述，点出图表中所揭示的问题。从年1986到1990年这5年里，人们的饮食发生了很大的变化，象对牛奶、肉这些营养丰富的食品的消费增加了，而粮食的消费减少了。
As we can see from the table, great changes have taken place in people’s diet over the period from 1986 to 1990. While more and more high-nutrition foods such as milk and meat are consumed by people, the amount of grain consumption, once the main or even the only food for Chinese people, is continuously decreased.
第二段：本段需要分析人们食物结构发生变化的原因。人们食物结构发生变化主要有两大原因：第一，随着经济的发展人们富了，能消费起高能量的食物；第二，人们开始注意食物的合理搭配对身体的健康有益。
There are several reasons for such changes. Firstly, with the development of our country’s economy, people become more and more wealthy, so they can afford to buy expensive high-energy food. Secondly, nowadays, people believe that certain amount of high-nutrition food is quite necessary to their health. In order to keep their body healthy, they should add nutritious food to their traditional diet.
第三段：按提纲的要求，这一段是结尾段，即结论。通过对人们饮食变化的分析，得出的结论是：人们的生活条件得到了改善，希望人们将来的饮食结构更科学，更合理。
So, from the above table, we can see that people’s living conditions have greatly improved, and we can hope for a more scientific and reasonable diet for Chinese people in the future.

信件
    信件出现过两次，即2001年6月和2002年6月，分别写给一位朋友和一位校长。这两次的作文都给出了信的格式，只要根据所给出的提纲写出信的正文就可以了。正文的开头一般是写信的目的或寒暄；正文中间部分叙述写信人的要求和要达到的目的；结束部分是祝愿及结束敬语。
    以2001年6月的作文为例：A Letter
    For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. You should write at least 100 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese: