英语作文说明文

说明文类
　
写作指导
说明文的出题形式为文字提示或图表，文体有报道、投稿、书信等。写作步骤如下：
第一步：审题，确定主题句、主体时态(一般以现在时态为主)和中心人称；
第二步：在主题句后按提示顺序将各要点以完整的句子表达出来；
第三步：用过渡词将上下文的逻辑关系体现出来。
常用词有：
①表示时间：now, then, afterwards, soon, five minutes later,　 before long, shortly after that, soon after supper, to this day, just now, just then
②表示顺序、动作过程：first, firstly, first of all, second, secondly, at first, at last, next
③表示转折：but, yet, and yet, however, although, otherwise, in spite of
④表示结果：thus, therefore, so, as a result, seeing that, luckily, unfortunately
⑤表示强调： above all, indeed, surely, certainly, of course, after all, without any delay, at least, at most
⑥表示并列： and, also, as well as, and then
⑦表示递进： besides, what's more, in addition, even, once more, what was worse
⑧表示解释和说明： that is to say, namely, for example, actually, and so on, such as, believe it or not,　 to tell you the truth,　 according this, for this reason
⑨表示比较、对比： just like, just as, in the same way, more or less, sooner or later, on the contrary, on the other hand
⑩表示总结： finally, in conclusion, in a word, in general, generally speaking, in short, as you know, in the end
需要注意的是：使用上述过渡性词必须根据上下文需要的原则，力求自然，决不可牵强附会，让人感觉别扭。
精选范文
以“早起是好习惯”为题写篇议论文。请围绕以下几点来写：
①早起与健康；
②早起与学习；
③早起与一天的活动。
(字数80～120，要求自拟标题)
　
Getting Up Early Is a Good Habit
　
Getting up early is a good habit. It is very important to our health, our study, our life and so on. First, getting up early helps to keep us strong. We can do morning exercises in the open air in the morning and breathe fresh air to build our bodies. Second, getting up early helps us to memorize what we have learned in class by reading aloud in the morning. Third, getting up early can help us to find enough time to prepare our work of the day. If we stick to getting up early every day, it will do us a lot of good.
练习
①某国际性英语刊物有一个介绍各国风俗习惯的专栏，请为该专栏写一篇短文，简单介绍中国的农历新年(春节)。请包括以下要点：
a．春节是中国人的重要节日；
b．春节在哪一天(农历：the lunar calendar)；
c．除夕一家人吃团圆饭(have a…feast)；
d．守岁爆竹迎新年(爆竹 firecracker)；
e．大年初一亲朋好友拜年(exchange…greetings)；
f．孩子们的压岁钱(lucky money)；
g．狮子舞及其他节目(lion dances and others performances)，是节日不可少的活动内容，要延续三天。
(字数80～120)
②年末将至，某英文报纸开办“99回顾”专栏，就一年中的10件大事做总结性报道。报社请你对夏季的特大洪灾进行简要评述(第一句已给出)。
性质
a．本世纪最严重的一次；
b．损失严重(举例：农田、房屋、灾民)。
原因
a．连月降雨；
b．滥伐林木，水土流失；
c．围湖造田，堵塞河道(waterway)。
防范措施
a．保护沿河植被；
b．改建堤坝；
c．退田还湖。
难点说明：
用词达意：损失严重，围湖造田，退田还湖。